Bone Marrow Transplant – Indications, Contraindications

Bone Marrow Transplant (hematopoietic stem cell transplant) (HPSCT) involves the administration of healthy hematopoietic stem cells in patients with dysfunctional or depleted bone marrow. This helps to augment bone marrow function and allows, depending on the disease being treated, to either destroy tumor cells with malignancy or to generate functional cells that can replace the… Continue reading Bone Marrow Transplant – Indications, Contraindications

Medial Meniscus Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Medial Meniscus Injury is a crescent-shaped, cartilaginous band found between the medial tibia and medial femur. The primary function is to decrease the amount of stress on the knee joint. The medial meniscus receives vascular supply via a capillary network formed by the medial, lateral and middle geniculate arteries and receives its innervation from the… Continue reading Medial Meniscus Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

What Is Prostate Cancer? – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

What Is Prostate Cancer?Prostate cancer is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow-growing; however, some grow relatively quickly. The cancer cells may spread from the prostate to other areas of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes. It may initially cause no symptoms.[rx] In later stages, it can lead to difficulty urinating, blood in the urine, or pain in… Continue reading What Is Prostate Cancer? – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Lymphadenopathy – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Lymphadenopathy is a significant clinical finding associated with acute infection, granulomatous disease, autoimmune disease, and malignancy. The involvement of specific nodal groups is an indicator of pathologically-affected organs and tissues, especially in the context of malignancy. As such, intimate knowledge of the anatomic relationships of the lymphatic nodal levels and the structures they drain is… Continue reading Lymphadenopathy – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

What Is Lung Cancer? – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

What Is Lung Cancer?/Lung cancer or bronchogenic carcinoma refers to tumors originating in the lung parenchyma or within bronchi. It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Lung cancer is responsible for more deaths in women than breast cancer. It is interesting to note that at the beginning of… Continue reading What Is Lung Cancer? – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Acute Myocardial Infarction – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in the developed world. The prevalence of the disease approaches three million people worldwide, with more than one million deaths in the United States annually. Acute myocardial infarction can be divided into two categories, non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI). Unstable… Continue reading Acute Myocardial Infarction – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most common form of heart disease. It is the result of atheromatous changes in the vessels supplying the heart. CAD is used to describe a range of clinical disorders from asymptomatic atherosclerosis and stable angina to acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI). In the US, it is still one… Continue reading Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – Types, Symptoms, Treatment

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)/Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of kidney damage or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73 mt2, persisting for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause.[rx] It is a state of progressive loss of kidney function ultimately resulting in the need for renal replacement therapy (dialysis or… Continue reading Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – Types, Symptoms, Treatment

Kidney Failure – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly.[rx] Symptoms may include leg swelling, feeling tired, vomiting, loss of appetite, and confusion.[rx] Complications of acute and chronic failure include uremia, high… Continue reading Kidney Failure – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment