ACL Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

ACL Injury/Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury (ACL) is one of 2 cruciate ligaments which aids in stabilization of the knee joint. It is a strong band made of connective tissue and collagenous fibers that originate from the anteromedial aspect of the intercondylar region of the tibial plateau and extends posteromedially to attach to the lateral femoral… Continue reading ACL Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury – Symptoms, Treatment

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury (ACL) is one of 2 cruciate ligaments which aids in stabilization of the knee joint. It is a strong band made of connective tissue and collagenous fibers that originate from the anteromedial aspect of the intercondylar region of the tibial plateau and extends posteromedially to attach to the lateral femoral condyle.… Continue reading Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury – Symptoms, Treatment

Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis/Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is chronic inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis (PsO) and found in about 20 to 30% of such patients. It shares many clinical features with other spondyloarthropathies and also rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is usually seronegative, but a small percentage of patients may be positive for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated… Continue reading Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

What Is Knee Arthroplasty? – Indications, Contraindications

What Is Knee Arthroplasty?/Knee arthroplasty is a reconstruction of the knee joint. It is more commonly referred to as a total knee replacement and is a very reliable procedure with predictable results. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an excellent treatment option for individuals with symptomatic osteoarthritis in at least 2 of the 3 compartments of… Continue reading What Is Knee Arthroplasty? – Indications, Contraindications

L1-2 Herniated Disc – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

L1-2 Herniated Disc/PLID (Prolapse lumbar intervertebral disc) is one of the most common vertebral column diseases of elderly people leading to back pain, radicular pain, and subsequently neurological deficit due to nerve root compression. It is a common condition that frequently affects the spine in young and middle-aged patients.[rx,rx,rx] The lumbar intervertebral disc is a… Continue reading L1-2 Herniated Disc – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

L2-3 Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptom, Diagnosis, Treatment

L2-3 Disc Disorders/PLID (Prolapse lumbar intervertebral disc) is one of the most common vertebral column diseases of elderly people leading to back pain, radicular pain, and subsequently neurological deficit due to nerve root compression. It is a common condition that frequently affects the spine in young and middle-aged patients.[rx,rx,rx] The lumbar intervertebral disc is a… Continue reading L2-3 Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptom, Diagnosis, Treatment

L4-5 Slip Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

L4-5 Disc Disorders/PLID (Prolapse lumbar intervertebral disc) is one of the most common vertebral column diseases of elderly people leading to back pain, radicular pain, and subsequently neurological deficit due to nerve root compression. It is a common condition that frequently affects the spine in young and middle-aged patients.[rx,rx,rx] The lumbar intervertebral disc is a… Continue reading L4-5 Slip Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

L4-5 Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

L4-5 Disc Disorders/PLID (Prolapse lumbar intervertebral disc) is one of the most common vertebral column diseases of elderly people leading to back pain, radicular pain, and subsequently neurological deficit due to nerve root compression. It is a common condition that frequently affects the spine in young and middle-aged patients.[rx,rx,rx] The lumbar intervertebral disc is a… Continue reading L4-5 Disc Disorders – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Atlanto-occipital Subluxation – Symptoms, Treatment

Atlanto-occipital Subluxation/Atlanto-occipital Dislocation (AOD) is being increasingly recognized as a potentially survivable injury as a result of improved prehospital management of polytrauma patients and increased awareness of this entity, leading to earlier diagnosis and more aggressive treatment. However, despite overall improved outcomes, AOD is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this… Continue reading Atlanto-occipital Subluxation – Symptoms, Treatment

Atlanto-occipital Instability – Symptoms, Treatment

Atlanto-occipital Instability/Atlanto-occipital Dislocation (AOD) is being increasingly recognized as a potentially survivable injury as a result of improved prehospital management of polytrauma patients and increased awareness of this entity, leading to earlier diagnosis and more aggressive treatment. However, despite overall improved outcomes, AOD is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this… Continue reading Atlanto-occipital Instability – Symptoms, Treatment