Talus Fracture; Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Breaking of the ankle bone (talus) is medically termed as Talus Fracture. The talus connects the leg bone to the foot and lies just above the calcaneus. The subtalar joint formed by talus and the heel bone enables us to walk as well as maintain balance on uneven surfaces. The joint is lined by protective articular cartilage which prevents the bones from rubbing against each other. Talus fracture may occur either in the middle or outer portion of the bone. Such fractures are generally serious and can lead to considerable damage to the joint. If not treated timely, it may eventually lead to complications such as Compartment Syndrome, Post Traumatic Arthritis and Avascular Necrosis.

Causes

  • Automobile accident
  • Falling from a height and landing on the feet
  • Forceful outward pushing of the ankle
  • Sports injuries

Symptoms

  • Inability to bear body weight while standing
  • Swelling
  • Bruising
  • Severe pain
  • Fractured bone may be seen protruding out of the skin
  • The joint may feel tender when touched

Diagnosis

  • Clinical examination of the injured foot
  • The nerve conduction ability and blood supply to different parts of the foot and leg may be checked
  • X-ray imaging may help to determine the location and severity of fracture. It may also reveal the severity of the fracture or any dislocation of the bone
  • CT scan may help to detect damage to soft tissues and minute cracks in the bone

Treatment

The methods of treatment may include one or more of the following.

  • The foot may be put in a soft padded splint to keep it stable
  • The foot needs to be rested while keeping it elevated at chest level
  • Stable fractures with minimal displacement may be treated non-surgically by placing the foot in a cast to avoid putting any pressure on the joint
  • Immobilization may be followed by physical therapy to restore movement, flexibility and strength of the joint as well as the adjoining muscles
  • Medicines may be prescribed to combat pain and inflammation
  • In case of multiple breaks in the bone or greater degree of displacement, surgery may be required. The procedure may involve realigning the bone parts to their actual position. Metal screws and wires may be used to fix the bone to its position.
  • Use of a walking stick or cane may be recommended post surgery
  • Specially designed boots to lift pressure from the talus can be worn for some time

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