Kernicterus; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Kernicterus/ Jaundice is the commonest presentation of patients with liver and biliary disease. The cause can be established in most cases by simple non-invasive tests, but many patients will require referral to a specialist for management. Patients with high concentrations of bilirubin (>100 μmol/l) or with evidence of sepsis or cholangitis are at high risk… Continue reading Kernicterus; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Congestive Heart Failure; Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Congestive Heart Failure is a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the body’s needs for blood and oxygen. It is the inability of the heart to keep up with the demands on it and, specifically, failure of the heart to pump blood with normal… Continue reading Congestive Heart Failure; Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Multiple Sclerosis; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder of the central nervous system marked by weakness, numbness, a loss of muscle coordination, and problems with vision, speech, and bladder control. Multiple sclerosis is thought to be an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system destroys myelin. It is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.  When this occurs, axons (the parts of the nerve cells that conduct impulses to… Continue reading Multiple Sclerosis; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

COPD; Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow.It is an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory (non-reversible) asthma, and some forms of bronchio ectasis.The main symptoms include shortness of breath and cough with sputum production.COPD is a progressive disease, meaning it typically worsens over time. Eventually… Continue reading COPD; Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Massage Therapy; Types, Purposes, Benefits, Procedures

Massage Therapy is to work and act on the body with pressure. Massage techniques are commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearm, feet, or a device. The purpose of massage is generally for the treatment of body stress or pain. People who are professionally trained to give massages were traditionally known as masseurs or masseuses, but the term massage therapist has been promoted.… Continue reading Massage Therapy; Types, Purposes, Benefits, Procedures

Acute Pain – Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Pain has both physical and emotional components. The physical part of pain results from nerve stimulation. Pain may be contained to a discrete area, as in an injury, or it can be more diffuse, as in disorders like fibromyalgia. Pain is mediated… Continue reading Acute Pain – Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Sleep Paralysis; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Sleep paralysis is when during awakening or falling asleep, a person is aware but unable to move or speak. During an episode, one may hear, feel, or see things that are not there. It often results in fear. Episodes generally last less than a couple of minutes.It may occur as a single episode or be recurrent. The condition may occur in those who are otherwise… Continue reading Sleep Paralysis; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Anorexia; Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis,Treatment

Anorexia is a psychological and potentially life-threatening eating disorder. Those suffering from this eating disorder are typically suffering from an extremely low body weight relative to their height and body type.It is an eating disorder characterized by low weight, fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin, resulting in food restriction.Many people with anorexia see themselves as over… Continue reading Anorexia; Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis,Treatment

Bipolar Disorders; Causes, Symptom, Diagnosis, Treatment

Bipolar disorders are brain disorders that cause changes in a person’s mood, energy and ability to function. Bipolar disorder is a category that includes three different conditions — bipolar I, bipolar II and cyclothymic disorder. It known as manic depression is a mental disorder that causes periods of depression and periods of elevated mood. The elevated mood is significant and is known… Continue reading Bipolar Disorders; Causes, Symptom, Diagnosis, Treatment

Pernicious Anemia; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Pernicious anemia (also known as Biermer’s disease) is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis, predominantly of the fundus, and is responsible for a deficiency in vitamin B12 (cobalamin) due to its malabsorption. Its prevalence is 0.1% in the general population and 1.9% in subjects over the age of 60 years. Pernicious anemia represents 20%–50% of the causes… Continue reading Pernicious Anemia; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment